Olamulira ambiri oletsa kuwotcherera amasowa zowerengera za kuwotcherera pakali pano ndi mphamvu.Chifukwa chake, ndi lingaliro labwino kugula chodzipatulira chodzitchinjiriza chokana kuwotcherera ammeter ndi dynamometer.
Kukaniza malo kuwotcherera kumawoneka kosavuta komanso kosavuta mpaka ming'alu yowotcherera, pomwe njirayo mwadzidzidzi imatenga gawo latsopano lofunikira.
Mosiyana ndi kuwotcherera kwa arc, komwe kumatulutsa chiphaso chomwe chimakhala chosavuta kuyang'ana, ma welds amawonekedwe abwinobwino, koma amatha kupatukana chifukwa chosowa kusakanikirana koyenera. ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kapena yakhazikitsidwa molakwika kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito.
Ngakhale makina ang'onoang'ono, opepuka atha kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zina, muyenera kudziwa bwino kuti mudziwe zomwe mukupeza musanapange ndalama.
Resistance spot kuwotcherera ndi kwapadera chifukwa ndi njira yothamanga kwambiri yolumikizira zitsulo popanda kuwonjezera zitsulo zodzaza. imapanga cholumikizira cholimba cholimba - chotchedwa nugget.Mphamvu yoyenera yolumikizira imakhalanso yosinthika chifukwa imathandiza kudziwa kukana.
Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, kuwotcherera kwa malo otsutsa ndi njira yachangu, yamphamvu komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri yolumikizira ma sheet achitsulo.
Ngakhale kuti ndondomekoyi ingawoneke yophweka, muyenera kumvetsetsa zosiyana siyana komanso momwe mungasinthire chilichonse kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna - mgwirizano wopangidwa ndi wamphamvu kuposa chitsulo choyambira.
Resistance spot welding ili ndi mitundu itatu yayikulu yomwe iyenera kukhazikitsidwa molondola.
Kukaniza malo kuwotcherera kumawoneka kosavuta komanso kosavuta mpaka ming'alu yowotcherera, pomwe njirayo mwadzidzidzi imatenga gawo latsopano lofunikira.
Kulephera kumvetsetsa bwino kufunikira kwa zosinthazi ndi ubale pakati pawo kungayambitse ma welds ofooka, osawoneka bwino.Mwatsoka, mavutowa nthawi zambiri amadzudzulidwa chifukwa cha ndondomeko yokha, zomwe zachititsa kuti masitolo alowe m'malo mwawo pang'onopang'ono komanso okwera mtengo kwambiri njira zolumikizira zitsulo monga. monga kuwotcherera arc, riveting, riveting ndi zomatira.
Kusankha zowotcherera zowotcherera ndi zowongolera zotsutsana zimatha kukhala zosokoneza kwa eni masitolo chifukwa pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mitengo yamitengo yomwe mungasankhe.Kuphatikiza ndi zowotcherera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi AC, ma frequency apakati a DC ndi ma capacitor discharge akupezeka tsopano.
Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera nthawi yowotcherera ndi amperage, mitundu yambiri yamakono yowongolera tsopano ili ndi zida zomwe zidali zodula kale, monga upslope ndi pulsation. kuwotcherera ndondomeko polojekiti monga anamanga mbali.
Masiku ano, ma welder ambiri ochokera kunja akugulitsidwa ku United States, koma ochepa okha ndi omwe amakumana ndi Heavy Duty Resistance Welding Manufacturing Alliance (RWMA) amperage ndi kukakamiza mphamvu.
Makina ena amakula ndikufananizidwa kutengera ma kilovolt-ampere (KVA), ndipo opanga zowotcherera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito matenthedwe otenthetsera mphamvu zamakina awo, zomwe zimatha kusokoneza ogula.
Muyezo wamakampani a RWMA umafuna kuti ma welders azikhala ndi thiransifoma yokhala ndi 50% ntchito yozungulira. Ntchitoyi imayesa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe thiransifoma imatha kuchita pakali pano popanda kutenthedwa pa mphindi imodzi ya kuphatikiza. Mtengo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi zigawo sizikugwira ntchito pamwamba pa mphamvu zawo zotentha.Komabe, kusokoneza ogula, ena opanga makina amayesa osintha awo pa 10% yokha, yomwe imakhala yoposa kawiri nameplate yawo KVA.
Komanso, mavoti a KVA nthawi zambiri sakhala okhudzana ndi kuwotcherera kwenikweni kwa wowotcherera wa malo.Kuwotcherera kwachiwiri komwe kulipo kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi kutalika kwa mkono (kuzama kwa khosi) kwa makina, kusiyana kolunjika pakati pa mikono, ndi mphamvu yachiwiri ya thiransifoma.
Mofanana ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi, voteji yachiwiri ya thiransifoma iyenera kukhala yokwera kwambiri kuti ikankhire magetsi achiwiri kunja kwa thiransifoma ndi dzanja la mkuwa la wowotcherera ndi ma electrode wowotcherera (nsonga).
Kutulutsa kwachiwiri kwa thiransifoma wowotcherera pamalo nthawi zambiri kumakhala 6 mpaka 8 V, ngati ntchito yanu yowotcherera imafuna makina akukhosi apakhosi okhala ndi mkono wautali, mungafunike thiransifoma yokhala ndi ma voliyumu apamwamba achiwiri kuti mugonjetse kutulutsa kwa lupu yayikulu yachiwiri. .
Pamene chowotcherera chokanirira chikukulitsidwa bwino ndikukhazikitsidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito komweko kwa kutentha komwe kumayendetsedwa bwino komwe kumapangidwa ndi kukana kwachitsulo kumagetsi kumapanga mgwirizano wolimba - wotchedwa nugget.
Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati malo owotcherera amafuna kuti gawolo lilowetsedwe mozama pa mmero wa makinawo.Chitsulo chapakhosi chimasokoneza mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa mikono ndikubera makina a amplifier yogwiritsira ntchito.
Mphamvu yowotcherera yowotcherera nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi silinda.Mwachitsanzo, pa makina osambira, mphamvu yowotcherera yomwe ilipo imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa mkono mpaka mtunda wa silinda kapena ndodo ya phazi kuchokera ku fulcrum.Mwa kuyankhula kwina. , ngati mkono waufupi umasinthidwa ndi mkono wautali, mphamvu yowotcherera yomwe ilipo idzachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Makina oyendetsa phazi amafuna kuti woyendetsayo azikankhira pansi popondaponda kuti azimitse ma elekitirodi. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zochepa zogwiritsira ntchito, makinawa samatulutsa mphamvu yopangira mphamvu yofunikira kuti akwaniritse zofunikira kwambiri za Class A zowotcherera.
Ma welds a Class A ali ndi mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.Zotsatira zokometsedwazi zidapezeka pokhazikitsa makinawo kuti apange amperage apamwamba kwambiri, nthawi zazifupi zowotcherera, ndi mphamvu yoyenera.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mphamvu yowotcherera iyenera kukhala mumtundu woyenera.Kutsika kwambiri kwa mphamvu kungapangitse chitsulo chowombera ndi chozama kwambiri, chowoneka chowoneka bwino. Weld mphamvu ndi ductility.Kusankha Matchati Oyenera Kuwotcherera Ndandandandandandala Magulu A, B ndi C makina makina makulidwe osiyanasiyana zitsulo akuphatikizidwa m'mabuku ofotokozera monga RWMA's Resistance Welding Handbook, Revised 4th Edition. Nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi osavomerezeka chifukwa cha malo akuluakulu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ) chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yowotcherera.Mwachitsanzo, zidutswa ziwiri za 18-ga zoyera.Chitsulo chofewa chimakhala ndi ma weld a grade A 10,300 weld amps, 650 lbs. Welding mphamvu ndi nthawi 8 kuwotcherera nthawi. kuphatikizika kwachitsulo komweko ndi 6,100 amps, 205 lbs.force, mpaka 42 kuwotcherera pakali pano nthawi yowotcherera yopitilira theka la sekondi imatha kutenthetsa ma elekitirodi, kupanga malo okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha, ndipo pamapeto pake kuwotcherera kuwotcherera thiransifoma. Mphamvu yometa ubweya wa mtundu umodzi wowotcherera wamtundu wa C imachepetsedwa kuchokera ku 1,820 lbs poyerekeza ndi mtundu A weld. Kuonjezera apo, mu malo opanga mzere, Class A weld nugget nthawi zonse imakhalabe yamphamvu ndipo moyo wa electrode udzakhala wautali.Kuwonjezera chinsinsi cha kuika ndalama mu chida chokonzekera ndikuti maulamuliro ambiri oletsa kuwotcherera alibe zowerengera zowotcherera. panopa ndi mphamvu.Chifukwa chake, kuti musinthe bwino zosinthika zofunikazi, ndi bwino kugula ammeter odziyimira pawokha odziletsa ndi dynamometer.Weld Control ndiye Mtima wa Dongosolo Nthawi iliyonse pomwe weld amapangidwa, mtundu wake komanso kusasinthika kwake kumadalira kukana. Weld control.Njira zowongolera zakale sizingapange nthawi yeniyeni yofananira komanso kutentha kwa weld.Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyesa mosalekeza zowononga mphamvu zowotcherera kuti muwonetsetse kuti dipatimenti yanu yowotcherera siitulutsa ma welds akunja. Kusinthitsa zida zanu zowotcherera kukana ndiyo njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yopangitsa kuti ntchito zanu zowotcherera zokana zikhale zokhazikika, imodzi pambuyo pa imzake. kuwunika kuwotcherera aliyense mu nthawi yeniyeni.Zina mwa maulamulirowa zimakulolani kuti muyike ndondomeko yowotcherera mwachindunji mu amps, pamene kayendetsedwe ka mpweya kameneka kamakhazikitsa mphamvu yomwe mukufuna. , kuonetsetsa kuti welds yunifolomu ngakhale ndi kusintha kwa zinthu ndi sitolo voliyumu.Kufunika kwa Water Cooling Spot welder zigawo ayenera bwino madzi utakhazikika kuonetsetsa weld khalidwe ndi moyo wautali elekitirodi pakupanga.Masitolo ena amagwiritsa ntchito zing'onozing'ono, zopanda firiji, zozungulira madzi za radiator zomwe, chabwino, perekani madzi pafupi ndi kutentha kwa chipinda.Ma recirculators awa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa zokolola, monga nsonga zowotcherera malo zimatha kuwonjezeka mofulumira chifukwa cha kutentha kwapamwamba ndipo zimafuna ma trim angapo kapena kusinthidwa pa shift. mpaka madigiri 65 Fahrenheit (kapena pamwamba pa mame oyambirira kuteteza condensation), ndi bwino kulumikiza makina ndi osiyana ozizira madzi ozizira / recirculator.Pakakula bwino, ozizira amatha kusunga ma electrode ndi zigawo zina zowotcherera kuzizira, zomwe zidzawonjezeka kwambiri. kuchuluka kwa ma welds pakati pa ma electrode trims kapena replacements.Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mungathe kukwaniritsa 8,000 welds pa zitsulo wofatsa kapena 3,000 welds pa kanala malata popanda yochepetsera kapena kusintha maelekitirodi.Mukufuna zambiri zowonjezera? Zimalipira kugwira ntchito ndi wogulitsa woyenerera kuti akuthandizeni kusankha ndi kusunga kukana kuwotcherera.Mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri?The American Welding Society (AWS) ili ndi mabuku angapo okhudza kuwotcherera kukana zomwe zilipo kuti zigulidwe.Kuonjezera apo, AWS ndi mabungwe ena amapereka maphunziro a maphunziro omwe amaphunzitsa zoyambira za ndondomeko yowotcherera.Kuonjezera apo, AWS imapereka chiphaso cha Certified Resistance Welding Technician certification, chomwe chimaperekedwa pambuyo pochita mayeso 100-mafunso angapo pakudziwa njira yowotcherera.
Matchati omwe amaikamo makina a Gulu A, B, ndi C a makulidwe osiyanasiyana azitsulo amaphatikizidwa m'mabuku ofotokozera, monga RWMA's Resistance Welding Handbook, Rev. 4th Edition.
Ngakhale ma welds a Class C akadali amphamvu, nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati osavomerezeka chifukwa cha malo akulu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ) chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yowotcherera.
Mwachitsanzo, zidutswa ziwiri zoyera 18-ga.Chitsulo chofatsa chimakhala ndi ma weld a grade A 10,300 weld amps, 650 lbs. Mphamvu yowotcherera ndi 8 nthawi yowotcherera.
Ndondomeko yowotcherera ya Class C yophatikizira zitsulo zomwezo ndi 6,100 amps, 205 lbs.force, mpaka 42 kuwotcherera pakali pano nthawi yowotcherera yopitilira theka la sekondi imatha kutenthetsa ma electrode, kupanga malo okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha, ndipo pamapeto pake kuwotcherera thiransifoma.
Mphamvu yometa ubweya wa mtundu umodzi wowotcherera wamtundu wa C umangochepetsedwa kuchokera ku 1,820 lbs poyerekeza ndi mtundu A weld. mpaka 1,600 lbs, koma ndi chizindikiro chowoneka bwino, chotsika, Class A weld yopangidwa ndi wowotcherera malo oyenera imawoneka bwino kwambiri. .Kuonjezera apo, mu malo opangira mzere, Class A weld nugget nthawi zonse imakhala yolimba ndipo moyo wa electrode udzakhala wautali.
Kuwonjezera chinsinsi, ambiri kukana kuwotcherera amazilamulira alibe kuwerenga kuwotcherera panopa ndi force.Choncho, kusintha bwino zosintha zofunika izi, ndi bwino kugula odzipereka kunyamula kukana kuwotcherera ammeter ndi dynamometer.
Nthawi zonse kuwotcherera malo kumapangidwa, mtundu wake komanso kusasinthika kwake kumadalira zowongolera zowotcherera.Njira zowongolera zakale sizingapange nthawi yofananira komanso kutentha kwa weld iliyonse. onetsetsani kuti dipatimenti yanu yowotcherera sipanga ma welds akunja.
Kukonzanso zowongolera zanu zowotcherera ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yobweretsera ntchito zanu zowotcherera kuti zikhale zokhazikika, chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake.
Kwa ntchito zowotcherera zomaliza, ganizirani kukhazikitsa chowongolera chowotcherera chatsopano chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yomangidwa mkati ndi elekitirodi kuti muyang'anire weld iliyonse mu nthawi yeniyeni. Zina mwazinthuzi zimakulolani kuti muyike ndandanda yowotcherera mwachindunji mu amps, pomwe chowongoleracho chimagwira ntchito bwino. imakhazikitsa mphamvu yowotcherera yomwe mukufuna.Kuwonjezerapo, zina mwazowongolera zamakonozi zimagwira ntchito motsekedwa, kuonetsetsa kuti ma welds a yunifolomu amasintha ngakhale kusintha kwa zinthu ndi masitolo ogulitsa.
Zigawo zowotcherera malo ziyenera kukhala zoziziritsa bwino zamadzi kuti zitsimikizire kuti ma welds abwino komanso moyo wautali wa elekitirodi panthawi yopanga.Masitolo ena amagwiritsa ntchito ma circulator amadzi ang'onoang'ono, opanda firiji, amtundu wa radiator omwe, makamaka, amapereka madzi pafupi ndi kutentha kwa chipinda. zokolola, monga nsonga zowotcherera mawanga zitha kuchulukirachulukira chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira kuwongolera kangapo kapena kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse.
Popeza kutentha kwamadzi kwabwino kwa wowotcherera kukana ndi 55 mpaka 65 madigiri Fahrenheit (kapena pamwamba pa mame oyamba kuti ateteze kukhazikika), ndi bwino kulumikiza makinawo ndi chotenthetsera chamadzi chozizira / chozungulira. ma elekitirodi ndi zigawo zina zowotcherera kuziziritsa, zomwe zidzakulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ma welds pakati pa ma elekitirodi owongolera kapena m'malo.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mutha kupeza ma welds 8,000 pazitsulo zofatsa kapena 3,000 pazitsulo zamalata popanda kudula kapena kusintha maelekitirodi.
Zimalipira kugwira ntchito ndi wogulitsa wodziwa kuti akuthandizeni kusankha ndikusunga zowotcherera zokana.
Mukufuna kudziwa zambiri? The American Welding Society (AWS) ili ndi zofalitsa zingapo za kukana kuwotcherera zomwe zilipo kuti zigulidwe.Kuonjezera apo, AWS ndi mabungwe ena amapereka maphunziro omwe amaphunzitsa zoyambira za kukana kuwotcherera.
Kuphatikiza apo, AWS imapereka chiphaso cha Certified Resistance Welding Technician certification, chomwe chimaperekedwa atapambana mayeso 100-mafunso angapo pakudziwa njira yowotcherera.
WELDER, yemwe kale ankatchedwa Practical Welding Today, akusonyeza anthu enieni amene amapanga zinthu zimene timagwiritsa ntchito komanso ntchito tsiku lililonse. Magaziniyi yakhala ikuthandiza anthu ku North America kwa zaka 20.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-05-2022